Improvement in aerial cars



No. 50,365. PATENTBD OCT. l0, 1865. F. JUST & A. KOELLNER.

AERIAL GAR.

. car receives its motion, are eight feet in'length 'and from ve anda half to six feet in width PATENT OFFICE.

F. JUST AND A. KOELLNER,

IMPROVEMENT l or BUFFALO, NEW YORK.

N AERIAL CARS.

Specification forming part of Letters Patent No. 50,365, dated October 10, 1865.

To all whom fit may concern:

Be it known' that we, FRANCIS JUST and AUcUs'r KOELLNER., of the citv of Buffalo, county of Erie, and State of N ew York, have invented new and useful Improvements in Aerial Locomotives; and'we do hereby declare that the following is a full and exact description thereof, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, and' to the letters of reference marked. thereon.

rIhe nature of our invention relates to a car attached to a ballon and propelled through the air in a peculiar and novel manner. It is believed that by this invention the air may be successfully navigated and all the difficulties heretofore attending aerial navigation over# come.

' To enable others skilled in the art to make and use our invention, we will proceed to describe its construction and operation.

In our improved aerial locomotive, Figure I is a vertical longitudinal section; Fig. Il. a front elevation; Fig. III, a top plan; Fig. IV, detailed view of wings.

In'constructing our aerial locomotive, we build the car from forty to fifty feet in length, from eight to nine feet high, and from eight to nine feet in width. The wings, from whichthe when open, with a lateral motion of from four to tive feet. Y

Letters of like name and kind in the specification rei'er to like parts in the drawings.

A, Fig. I, represents the car with the balloons B B illed with hydrogen gas. The car is propelled by a small caloric engine of from two to three horse power, which is of ordinary construction, a description of which is therefore deemed unnecessary.

B B represent the balloonsv communicating with eachother at D, Figs. I and II. The purpose of constructing it in this manner is to prevent thc balloon from a'lecting the position of the car in case of` violent wind or squalls. l/Vhen the wind strikes the balloon it careens over and does not effect the position ofthe lower section of the balloon or car. This manner of constructing and attaching the balloon to the car is considered of great importance, for the reason that while a large portion ofthe buoyancy is in the* lower section ofthe balloon,

neither that northe car is affected by the the balloon, and running down andforward to the bowsprit, where they are 'also firmly secured. l At the stern or rear end, and along the sides of the car, are also stays c c, secured to the body ofthe balloon in like manner to the ones before described, and running down and securely fastened to thev rear end and sidesof the car A.

The power from the engine is applied to the machinery by a connecting-rod (which is not shovvnvin the drawings) to crank d, Whichis connected toshaft e, which extends across the car, upon which are band-wheels O vO at each end, said shaft having `journals running in suitable bearin gs. From the .band-wheels O O are belts, running over crank-pulleys lfm,'to which arc connected connectingY rods, connected with a joint to levers u, the fulcrum of which isat lt. This lever u extends outside the body of the car, and is connected to the win-g by a joint to a bail or semicircular brace, 1 ,rigidly secured to the central upright of the wing.

H H represent the Wings, of which any number may be attached to "the car. These wings are attached to a suitable frame, C, extending from the outside of the car to a distance sut? ficientv for them to work. A Motion to the wings is communicated from the engine through'the medium of the belts and pulleys andlever u, as before described.

It will be observed that the cranks that are attached to their respective wings are set in a manner so that while the forward wings are spread those atthe rea-r end are closed. These wings are gradually closed from the forward to the rear end of the car,and work' in a nianner that while the forward wings begin to close thoscat the rear begin t0v spread, and vice versa, so that a continuous propelling power is applied to the car without a surging motion,

.as would be the case provided all the wings made the stroke att-he same time. These wings are made with ajoint connected to springs, as before described. As the wings are worked by the lever u, the wing is thrown backward and forward, the upright or central portion of the wing slides back and forth upon the frame As the wings are thrown forward it becomes closed, and when back the wind instantly catches the wings,wl1en,they are immediately spread, and a forward movement given to the car.

The balloon is guided by running the belts onto loose pulley or by the use of tension-pui# leys, by which only thewings on one side ofthe car are in motion, the tendency of which is .to

throw 'or turn the car in a di'erent direction. In this manner the oar may be guided in any desired direction. y

We provide the balloon with the necessary valves, which are operated by lines in the ordinary manner.

The engine is placed as `near the middle or i center ofthe car as may be for the purpose of n preserving lits equilibrium.

Having thus described our invention, what we claim, and desire to secure by Letters Patent-,is-

l. Aballoonconstructed in two sections and counected'as described, for the purposes set forth.

2. The balloon constructed in two sections,

in combination with the cer A, as herein set 

